Mining Law and Privileges in the Ottoman Empire (1861-1906) _{Osmanlı Devleti'nde Maden Hukuku Ve İmtiyazlar (1861-1906)}

In the rapidly changing administrative, financial, and other structural transformations and restructuring that interacted with the global capitalist economy, the Ottoman Empire, under the influence of foreign debt, was forced to make regulations in the mining sector, where foreign capital was influential. At the time the Mining Regulations were drafted, the Ottoman Empire's integration with the global capitalist economy was limited to serving as a source of raw materials for the global market. During this period, British capital in the mining sector rapidly eliminated obstacles that hindered the procurement and export of raw materials. In this context, the Mining Regulations became regulations designed to facilitate British imperialism's capital exports. Taştekin's book's examination of the 1861, 1869, 1887, and 1906 mining regulations from a privileged perspective is significant in this regard. Indeed, the removal of this restriction in the 1869 Mining Regulation, following the 1861 Mining Regulation, which denied foreigners sole mining rights, becomes even more significant in this context. After the first section, which discusses the nature of mining law and its legal regime, Taştekin's book examines the evolution of Ottoman mining law in terms of privileges in the second section.

The book explores the use of mining regulations as a tool for imperialist capital exports through case studies. The appendices, which compile the aforementioned mining regulations and include a transcript, also make a documentary contribution to the field.

İÇİNDEKİLER
SUNUŞ ..............................................................................................V
KISALTMALAR ........................................................................... VII
ÖNSÖZ ............................................................................................ IX
BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM
MADEN HUKUKU’NUN GELİŞİMİ
1.1. Dünyada Maden Hukukunun Gelişimi ................................. 1
1.2. İslam’da Madenlerin Hukuki Statüsü ve İslam
Hukukunda Maden Mevzuatı ................................................. 3
1.3. Maden Hukukunda Kavramlar ............................................... 7
1.3.1. Maden Kavramı ............................................................... 7
1.3.2. İmtiyaz ve Ruhsat Kavramları .....................................11
1.4. Maden Hukukunun Niteliği ................................................... 19
1.5. Madenlerin Hukuki Rejimi ..................................................... 21
1.5.1. Dominial sistem ............................................................. 22
1.5.2. Regalien sistem .............................................................. 23
1.6. Madenlerin Mülkiyeti Sorunu ................................................ 24
1.6.1. Maden hakkının arazi sahipliğine göre
belirlenmesi .................................................................... 26
1.6.2. Maden işletmeciliğinin kamu hizmeti niteliği
sorunu ............................................................................. 27
1.7. Maden Üzerindeki Haklar ...................................................... 29

1.7.1. Arama (Taharri) Hakkı ................................................. 32
1.7.2. İşletme ve İmtiyaz Hakkı ............................................. 41
1.7.2.1. Mukavelename ve şartname ........................... 48
1.7.2.2. Madenin teslimi ................................................ 51
1.7.3. İhalenin Feshi, Devir-Ferağ Hakkı .............................. 54
1.7.3.1. Madenin terki ................................................... 60
İKİNCİ BÖLÜM
OSMANLI MADEN HUKUKUNDA İMTİYAZAT
2.1. 1858 Arazi Kanunnamesi ....................................................... 66
2.2. 1861 Maden Nizamnamesi ..................................................... 68
2.3. Safer Kanunu (Tebaa-i Ecnebiyye’nin Emlâk
İstimlâkine Dair Nizamname) ............................................... 72
2.4. 1869 Maden Nizamnamesi ..................................................... 74
2.5. 1887 Maden Nizamnamesi ..................................................... 77
2.6. 1901 Düzenlemeleri ve Dış Müdahale .................................. 83
2.7. 1906 Maden Nizamnamesi .............................................. 87
2.7.1. Mukavelename ve Şartname Kalıbı ............................ 93
2.7.2. Mukavelename Örneği ................................................. 95
SONUÇ .......................................................................................... 101
KAYNAKLAR ............................................................................... 105
EKLER
EK-1. 1861 Maden Nizamnamesi .........................................111
EK-2. 1869 Maden Nizamnamesi ........................................ 120
EK-3. 1887 Maden Nizamnamesi ........................................ 136
EK-4. 1906 Maden Nizamnamesi ........................................ 152

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